Fabric-coating.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS K. COVERS, OF OWEGO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICIISMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF

OF NEW YORK.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS X. GovnRs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Owego, in the county of Tioga and State of New York, haveinvented new and useful Improvements 'in Fabric-Coatings, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to fabric-coatings, particularly casein coatings,and has for its object to provide an improved porous coating for paper,cloth, and the like which will be free from the disadvantages ofcoatings which have been heretofore used and which will flow well underthe coating-brushes, producing a surface free from brush-marks and of aperfectly uniform appearance.

Another object of my invention is to produce a coating which can be keptfor a practically indefinite time and which is free from the offensiveodor which renders it almost impossible to use some casein coatings.

Another object of my invention in one of its principal embodiments isthe utilization of sulfuric-acid casein in a fabric-coating in such amanner and with such other chemical agents as to produce results whichwere universally regarded as impossible of accomplishment by thoseskilled in this art, prior to my experiments and discoveries inconnection with this form of casein.

A still further object of my invention is'the provision, in apaper-coating, of a deliquescent ingredient or ingredient which has atendency by the absorption of a certain amount of water to render thepaper coated thereon very soft and pliable, qualities which areparticularly valuable in coating box-boards, as such a coating can benda sharp. angle without breaking or showing any cracks or breaks upon itssurface. I

With these and other objects in view my invention in its preferredembodiment consists of a coating containing casein, preferablysulfuric-acidcasein or casein precipitated by sulfuric acid, an alkalinephosphate, preferably trisodium phosphate, and an alkaline hyposulfite,preferably sodium hyposulfite, with a base or filler of kaolin orchinaclay and water, with or without the addition of blancfixe or satinwhite and wax, preferably wholly or partially saponified carnaubawax.

In the practice of my invention in its preferred form I dissolve aboutfifty parts, by

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed. November 12, 1904'. Serial No. 232,515.

YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION FABRIC-COATING Patented Sept. 26, 1905.

weight,of sulfuric-acid casein in a-solution containing about ten parts,by weight, of so-' I add from two hundred to four hundred parts, byweight, of the base or filler, prefer-' g ably china-clay. To this I,sometimes add ten to fifty per cent., by weight, of satin white or anequivalent material and about five per cent. ofa partially-saponifiedvegetable wax. The casein, sodium phosphate, and sodium hyposulfite actas a binder for the paste formed by the base or filler and water.

The casein, even when I employ sulfuricacid casein, dissolved in thesolution of sodium phosphate and sodium hyposulfite, is not precipitatedfrom such solution by blancfixe, satin white, or equivalent material.

- The casein solution above described has a slight acid reaction and forthis reason does not attack the coating-brushes, as stronglyalk'alinecasein solutions are known to do. It flows readily and smoothly underthe coatingbrushes, flowing together well after coating angles in boxmanufacture without exhibit ing any sign of breaking.

The alkaline hyposulfite by reason of its preservative action on organicmatter prevents the decomposition of the casein, thus avoiding thehighly-offensive odor and partial precipitation and foam incident to thedecomposition of casein, which are known to give a spotted or mottledappearance to the coating.

While the alkaline hyposulfite which I prefer to employ is that alsoknown as thiosulfate, the true hyposulfite may also be used.

An important and valuable feature of my invention is that my improvedcoating has no effect whatever upon lithographic stones, so that paperscoated with the composition herein described are perfectly adapted to beprinted by the lithographic process.

My improved composition is used in the manner well-known in this art andproduces a coating having the qualities and advantages hereinbeforementioned.

My composition can be utilized in other relations than as afabric-coating, and any use to which such composition is foundapplicable is contemplated as being Within the protection for Which thisapplication is made.

It is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the exactproportions specified, nor to the employment of all of the ingredientstogether, nor to the use only of the ingredients mentioned, inasmuch asthe employment of equivalents of the ingredients hereinbeforespecifically referred to are Within the scope of this invention asdefined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as novel, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A coating for paper and the like containing sulfuric-acid casein,sodium hyposulfite and a base or filler.

2. A coating for paper and the like containing casein, analkalinephosphate, an alkaline hyposulfite and a base or filler.

r 3. A coating for paper and the like containing casein, sodiumphosphate, sodium hyposulfite and a base or filler.

4:. A coating for paper and the like containing sulfuric-acid casein,sodium plios ilmte, sodium hyposulfitc, a base or filler and water.

5. A coating for paper and the like containing casein, an alkalinephosphate, an alkaline hyposulfite, a base or liller and wax.

6. A coating for paper and the like containing casein, an alkalinephosphate, an alkaline hyposullite, china-clay, satin white and wax.

7. A coating for paper and the like having an acid reaction andcontaining sulfuric-acid casein dissolved in a solvent from which it isnot precipitated by the addition of an alkaline or an alkaline-earthsulfate.

8. The herein-described coating for paper and the like containingsulfuric-acid casein, sodium phosphate, sodium hyposnlfite, chinaclay,satin white, wax and water in the proportions substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two subscribingwitnesses.

- FRANCIS X. GOVERS.

Witnesses:

KATHRYN LA l\ION'Xl J, ALFRED PFISTER.

